1. Classification of woodworking milling cutters
1) In terms of processing purposes, woodworking milling cutters can be divided into:
Straight bit: slotting
Bottom cleaning bit: slotting and bottom cleaning
Trimming bit: straighten the edge
Fillet bit: rounding edge
End mills: machining grooves and step surfaces
Saw blade milling cutter: machining deep grooves and cutting work-pieces
Beading bit: trim the round edge of belt line
Round bottom bit: open round groove
90 ° v- bit: open V-groove and fold edge of straight plate
45 ° bevel bit: trim 45 ° bevel
Horse nose thread bit: trim 60 ° or 30 ° beveled edge
Two arc nail clipper: drawer handle
Keyhole bit: open the photo frame hole and hang it on the nail
T-shaped bit: cutting side grooves or milling T-shaped grooves
Dovetail bit: board joint
Square tooth mortise bit: floor splicing
Fillet mortise bit: door panel mortise
2. Use of woodworking milling cutter
Although there are many types of milling cutters, understanding chip formation is crucial to their use. When the milling cutter rotates, the material to be cut is fed into it, and each tooth of the cutter cuts off a small piece of material. The size of the fragment depends on several variables:
Surface cutting speed (VC): This is the speed at which each cutting tooth passes through the material when the tool rotates. This should not be confused with the feed rate. This value is also known as the tangential velocity.
Spindle speed (s): This is the speed of the tool, measured in revolutions per minute (RPM). The typical value is hundreds of RPM, as high as tens of thousands of RPM.
Tool diameter (d): that is, the diameter of the cylinder part of the tool.
Number of teeth (z): that is, the number of milling cutter teeth.
Feed per tooth (Fz): This is the distance that the material is fed into the tool when each tooth rotates. This value is the deepest cutting size of the cutter teeth.
Feed rate (f): This is the speed at which the material is fed into the tool.
Cutting depth: This is the depth of the tool below the surface of the material to be cut. This will be the height of chip production. Generally, the cutting depth will be less than or equal to the diameter of the cutting tool.
Usually, we need to know the three parameters of spindle speed (s), feed rate (f) and cutting depth before we can decide how to choose tools to cut materials.
3. Forward milling and reverse milling
The milling cutter can cut in two directions, sometimes called reverse or up, forward or down.
Reverse milling: the cutting thickness starts from zero thickness and increases to the maximum value. At the beginning of cutting, the tool does not cut and slides over the surface of the material until the cutter teeth suddenly bite and start cutting. This will deform the material and blunt the tool, leaving a bad surface on the material.
Forward milling: each blade engages the material at a certain position, and the cutting width decreases from the maximum to zero. The chip is arranged behind the cutter, which makes the chip easier to disassemble. The blade will not rub against the material, so the tool life may be longer. However, climbing can impose a large load on the machine, but it is not recommended for older milling machines or machines.
4. Selection of woodworking milling cutter
Choose the right woodworking tools, pay attention to a cost-effective. Milling cutters on the market can be divided into three grades: ordinary, exquisite and high-end.
Some ordinary milling cutters have very ordinary packaging, which can be seen at a glance. There is also a kind of ordinary milling cutter with paint and transparent shell. This kind of milling cutter looks like a fine product, and its essence is ordinary, so we should be careful when choosing. Some high-quality milling cutters have simple packaging and some have fancy packaging. This kind of cutter mainly depends on the sharpness of the blade. Generally speaking, the brighter the blade is, the finer the workmanship is. High grade milling cutters are reliable in quality but expensive.
Generally speaking, ordinary milling cutters are selected for low-density and low hardness plates. Plates including nails have a high loss of milling cutters. Ordinary milling cutters are selected for not many plates, and good milling cutters for high-density and high hardness plates are used for acrylic plates and artificial stones.
Post time: Jul-12-2022